One of the best ways to use energy in an efficient way is by making use of cogeneration of electricity and heat (also known as combined heat and power or CHP), thus limiting waste heat. It also applies to waste incineration. The heat developed in the incineration process can be used for district heating but also for industrial purposes, pre-treatment of fuel and for biogas production. In order to calculate if the cogeneration process is highly efficient, harmonized reference values have to be used. The list includes reference values for electricity and heat from solid biodegradable (municipal) waste, liquid biodegradable waste and biogas, in order to promote the use of high efficiency cogeneration with such fuels.
The use of biomass, i.e. the biodegradable fraction of products, wastes and residues from agriculture (including vegetal and animal substances), forestry and related industries, as well as the biodegradable fraction of industrial and municipal waste, is count towards the renewable energy targets.
In general estimation, around half of the overall 20% renewable energy target will be met from bio-energy. It needs a set of sustainability criteria for the use of bio-fuels and bio-liquids, while encouraging the use of bio-wastes, e.g. cooking oil or bio-methane, for developing so-called second-generation bio-fuels. Also foresees on a need for sustainability criteria for all other uses of biomass for alternative energy purposes.
N-Viro International Corporation develops and licenses its technology to municipalities and private companies. Their patented processes use lime and/or mineral-rich, combustion by products to treat, pasteurize, immobilize and convert waste water sludge and other bio-organic wastes into bio-mineral agricultural and soil-enrichment products with real market value. The company has generated sales in excess of $40 million dollars, since its initial public offering in October of 1993, which was underwritten by Robertson Stephens, Raymond James, Oppenheimer & Co., and Paine Webber. Do visit the official website at http://www.nviro.com.
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